The Theoretical Nonlinear Photonics group was established at the beginning of 2022 and focuses on the theoretical exploration of novel nonlinear phenomena in advanced photonic systems. This involves the interplay of different physical properties such as strong light-matter coupling, non-Hermitian physics, topological insulators and photonics, and optical spin-orbit interaction. All of these can be realized in semiconductor microcavities. Besides fundamental research our aim is to seek novel photonic functionality and design functional elements and nonlinear devices for all-optical circuits. Our complex problems can be described by different theoretical approaches and solved using various numerical methods. We also have close cooperations with leading experimental groups worldwide.

We look forward to hearing from you if you are interested in our research. The open positions in our group can be found here.

Über uns

Who we are

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What we do

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Whe­re we pu­blish

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Why we can

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When we ce­le­bra­te

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Kon­takt

Dr. Xuekai Ma

Theoretische Nichtlineare Photonik

Raum A3.238
Universität Paderborn
Warburger Str. 100
33098 Paderborn

RIS Pu­bli­ca­ti­on List

PHOENIX – Paderborn highly optimized and energy efficient solver for two-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equations with integrated extensions

J. Wingenbach, D. Bauch, X. Ma, R. Schade, C. Plessl, S. Schumacher, Computer Physics Communications 315 (2025).


Optically and remotely controlling localization of exciton-polariton condensates in a potential lattice

Q. Ai, J. Wingenbach, X. Yang, J. Wei, Z. Hatzopoulos, P.G. Savvidis, S. Schumacher, X. Ma, T. Gao, Physical Review Applied 23 (2025).


Molecular Orientation‐Dependent Photonic Spin–Orbit Coupling in Organic Microcavities Filled with 2D Polymorphic Crystals

Y. Ji, X. Ma, H. Huang, Y. Deng, P. Wang, T. Long, Y. Li, R. Zhao, Y. Li, C. An, S. Schumacher, C. Gu, B. Liao, H. Fu, Q. Liao, Laser & Photonics Reviews (2025).


Tuning polariton vortices in an asymmetric ring potential

Q. Ai, X. Ma, F. Barkhausen, X. Zhai, C. Xing, X. Yang, P. Wang, T. Liu, Y. Zhang, Y. Gu, P. Li, Z. Li, Z. Hatzopoulos, P.G. Savvidis, S. Schumacher, T. Gao, Applied Physics Letters 127 (2025).


Higher-order dark solitons and control dynamics in microcavity polariton condensates

J. Sun, M. Chen, S. Schumacher, W. Hu, X. Ma, Physical Review B 112 (2025).


Efficient n‐Doping of Organic Semiconductors via a Broadly Applicable Nucleophilic‐Attack Mechanism

H. Wei, T. Wu, C. Dong, C. Chen, Z. Gong, J. Xia, C. Peng, J. Ding, Y. Zhang, W. Shi, S. Schumacher, X. Zhang, Y. Bai, L. Jiang, L. Liao, T. Nguyen, Y. Hu, Advanced Science (2025).


Sensitivity and Topology of Exceptional Rings in Nonlinear Non-Hermitian Planar Optical Microcavities

J. Wingenbach, L. Ares Santos, X. Ma, J. Sperling, S. Schumacher, Arxiv (2025).


Manipulating spectral topology and exceptional points by nonlinearity in non-Hermitian polariton systems

J. Wingenbach, S. Schumacher, X. Ma, Physical Review Research, in Press (2024).


Photochemical Reaction Enabling the Engineering of Photonic Spin−Orbit Coupling in Organic-Crystal Optical Microcavities

Q. Liang, X. Ma, C. Gu, J. Ren, C. An, H. Fu, S. Schumacher, Q. Liao, Journal of the American Chemical Society (JACS) (2024).


Organic Room-Temperature Polariton Condensate in a Higher-Order Topological Lattice

C. Bennenhei, H. Shan, M. Struve, N. Kunte, F. Eilenberger, J. Ohmer, U. Fischer, S. Schumacher, X. Ma, C. Schneider, M. Esmann, ACS Photonics 11 (2024) 3046–3054.


Topological edge and corner states in coupled wave lattices in nonlinear polariton condensates

T. Schneider, W. Gao, T. Zentgraf, S. Schumacher, X. Ma, Nanophotonics 13 (2024) 509–518.



Photochemical Reaction Enabling the Engineering of Photonic Spin–Orbit Coupling in Organic-Crystal Optical Microcavities

Q. Liang, X. Ma, C. Gu, J. Ren, C. An, H. Fu, S. Schumacher, Q. Liao, Journal of the American Chemical Society 146 (2024) 4542–4548.


Time-bin entanglement in the deterministic generation of linear photonic cluster states

D. Bauch, N. Köcher, N. Heinisch, S. Schumacher, APL Quantum 1 (2024).


Single-shot spatial instability and electric control of polariton condensates at room temperature

Y. Gao, X. Ma, X. Zhai, C. Xing, M. Gao, H. Dai, H. Wu, T. Liu, Y. Ren, X. Wang, A. Pan, W. Hu, S. Schumacher, T. Gao, Physical Review B 108 (2023) 205303.



Single-shot spatial instability and electric control of polariton condensates at room temperature

Y. Gao, X. Ma, X. Zhai, C. Xing, M. Gao, H. Dai, H. Wu, T. Liu, Y. Ren, X. Wang, A. Pan, W. Hu, S. Schumacher, T. Gao, Physical Review B 108 (2023).


Electrically controlling vortices in a neutral exciton polariton condensate at room temperature

X. Zhai, X. Ma, Y. Gao, C. Xing, M. Gao, H. Dai, X. Wang, A. Pan, S. Schumacher, T. Gao, Physical Review Letters 131 (2023) 136901.


Room-Temperature Electrical Field-Enhanced Ultrafast Switch in Organic Microcavity Polariton Condensates

J. De, X. Ma, F. Yin, J. Ren, J. Yao, S. Schumacher, Q. Liao, H. Fu, G. Malpuech, D. Solnyshkov, Journal of the American Chemical Society (JACS) 145 (2023) 1557–1563.


Circularly Polarized Lasing from a Microcavity Filled with Achiral Single‐Crystalline Microribbons

Q. Liang, X. Ma, T. Long, J. Yao, Q. Liao, H. Fu, Angewandte Chemie International Edition 62 (2023).


Realization of Exciton‐Mediated Optical Spin‐Orbit Interaction in Organic Microcrystalline Resonators

J. Ren, Q. Liao, X. Ma, S. Schumacher, J. Yao, H. Fu, Laser & Photonics Reviews 16 (2022).


Controlling exciton distribution in WS2 monolayer on a photonic crystal

X. Zhang, Z. Chen, D. Liu, L. Wan, X. Ma, T. Gao, Applied Physics Express 15 (2022).


Dynamics of phase defects trapped in optically imprinted orbits in dissipative binary polariton condensates

J. Wingenbach, M. Pukrop, S. Schumacher, X. Ma, Physical Review B 105 (2022).


Tilting nondispersive bands in an empty microcavity

Y. Gao, Y. Li, X. Ma, M. Gao, H. Dai, S. Schumacher, T. Gao, Applied Physics Letters 121 (2022).


Switching Off a Microcavity Polariton Condensate near the Exceptional Point

Y. Li, X. Ma, Z. Hatzopoulos, P.G. Savvidis, S. Schumacher, T. Gao, ACS Photonics 9 (2022) 2079–2086.


Helical Polariton Lasing from Topological Valleys in an Organic Crystalline Microcavity

T. Long, X. Ma, J. Ren, F. Li, Q. Liao, S. Schumacher, G. Malpuech, D. Solnyshkov, H. Fu, Advanced Science 9 (2022).


Manipulating polariton condensates by Rashba-Dresselhaus coupling at room temperature

Y. Li, X. Ma, X. Zhai, M. Gao, H. Dai, S. Schumacher, T. Gao, Nature Communications 13 (2022).


Unidirectional vortex waveguides and multistable vortex pairs in polariton condensates

X. Gao, W. Hu, S. Schumacher, X. Ma, Optics Letters 47 (2022) 3235–3238.


Split-ring polariton condensates as macroscopic two-level quantum systems

Y. Xue, I. Chestnov, E. Sedov, E. Kiktenko, A.K. Fedorov, S. Schumacher, X. Ma, A. Kavokin, Physical Review Research 3 (2021).



Spin splitting in a MoS2 monolayer induced by exciton interaction

Y. Li, G. Li, X. Zhai, S. Xiong, H. Liu, X. Wang, H. Chen, Y. Gao, X. Zhang, T. Liu, Y. Ren, X. Ma, H. Fu, T. Gao, Physical Review B 101 (2020).


Formation dynamics of exciton-polariton vortices created by nonresonant annular pumping

B. Berger, D. Schmidt, X. Ma, S. Schumacher, C. Schneider, S. Höfling, M. Assmann, Physical Review B 101 (2020) 245309.


Realization of all-optical vortex switching in exciton-polariton condensates

X. Ma, B. Berger, M. Aßmann, R. Driben, T. Meier, C. Schneider, S. Höfling, S. Schumacher, Nature Communications 11 (2020) 897.


Efficient Bosonic Condensation of Exciton Polaritons in an H-Aggregate Organic Single-Crystal Microcavity.

J. Ren, Q. Liao, H. Huang, Y. Li, T. Gao, X. Ma, S. Schumacher, J. Yao, S. Bai, H. Fu, Nano Letters 20 (2020) 7550–7557.


Topological edge states of nonequilibrium polaritons in hollow honeycomb arrays.

X. Ma, Y. Kartashov, A. Ferrando, S. Schumacher, Optics Letters 45 (2020) 5311–5314.


Multistable circular currents of polariton condensates trapped in ring potentials.

F. Barkhausen, S. Schumacher, X. Ma, Optics Letters 45 (2020) 1192–1195.


Chiral condensates in a polariton hexagonal ring.

X. Ma, Y. Kartashov, A. Kavokin, S. Schumacher, Optics Letters 45 (2020) 5700–5703.


Circular polarization reversal of half-vortex cores in polariton condensates

M. Pukrop, S. Schumacher, X. Ma, Physical Review B 101 (2020) 205301.


Spiraling vortices in exciton-polariton condensates

X. Ma, Y.V. Kartashov, T. Gao, L. Torner, S. Schumacher, Physical Review B 102 (2020) 045309.


Bloch oscillations of multidimensional dark soliton wave packets and light bullets

R. Driben, X. Ma, S. Schumacher, T. Meier, Optics Letters 44 (2019) 1327–1330.


Controllable high-speed polariton waves in a PT-symmetric lattice

X. Ma, Y.Y. Kartashov, T. Gao, S. Schumacher, New Journal of Physics 21 (2019).


Vortex Multistability and Bessel Vortices in Polariton Condensates.

X. Ma, S. Schumacher, Physical Review Letters 121 (2018).



Vortex-vortex control in exciton-polariton condensates

X. Ma, S. Schumacher, Physical Review B 95 (2017).


Collective state transitions of exciton-polaritons loaded into a periodic potential

K. Winkler, O.A. Egorov, I.G. Savenko, X. Ma, E. Estrecho, T. Gao, S. Müller, M. Kamp, T.C.H. Liew, E.A. Ostrovskaya, S. Höfling, C. Schneider, Physical Review B 93 (2016).


Talbot Effect for Exciton Polaritons

T. Gao, E. Estrecho, G. Li, O.A. Egorov, X. Ma, K. Winkler, M. Kamp, C. Schneider, S. Höfling, A.G. Truscott, E.A. Ostrovskaya, Physical Review Letters 117 (2016).


Dynamics of exciton-polaritons in discrete lattices under incoherent localized pumping

A.V. Yulin, I.Yu. Chestnov, X. Ma, S. Schumacher, U. Peschel, O.A. Egorov, Physical Review B 94 (2016).


Incoherent control of topological charges in nonequilibrium polariton condensates

X. Ma, U. Peschel, O.A. Egorov, Physical Review B 93 (2016).


Two-dimensional symbiotic solitons and vortices in binary condensates with attractive cross-species interaction

X. Ma, R. Driben, B.A. Malomed, T. Meier, S. Schumacher, Scientific Reports 6 (2016).


Oscillatory dynamics of nonequilibrium dissipative exciton-polariton condensates in weak-contrast lattices

X. Ma, I.Yu. Chestnov, M.V. Charukhchyan, A.P. Alodjants, O.A. Egorov, Physical Review B 91 (2015).


Instability-induced formation and nonequilibrium dynamics of phase defects in polariton condensates

T.C.H. Liew, O.A. Egorov, M. Matuszewski, O. Kyriienko, X. Ma, E.A. Ostrovskaya, Physical Review B 91 (2015).


Information processing with topologically protected vortex memories in exciton-polariton condensates

H. Sigurdsson, O.A. Egorov, X. Ma, I.A. Shelykh, T.C.H. Liew, Physical Review B 90 (2014).


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